Echo Chambers on Social Media: Evidence from Twitter Discourse on the Ukraine War

Social media has transformed how people consume information, offering exposure to diverse views while also fostering echo chambers, spaces where individuals engage primarily with like-minded users. This thesis explores the dynamics of echo chambers through a two-part approach. First, we review the theoretical foundations, distinguishing echo chambers from related concepts like filter bubbles and confirmation bias, and examining their role in political polarization and misinformation. In the second part, we analyze Twitter discourse surrounding the Ukraine-Russia war using a large-scale dataset. Through network analysis, community detection, and bipartite analysis, we identify polarized groups, examine content shared within and across communities, and assess the influence of bipartisan users. This study bridges theory and empirical evidence, offering insight into how echo chambers shape online political conversations during global conflicts.