Pathways towards Twin Transformation Maturity. Key capabilities to successfully implement twin transformation strategies – A structured literature review

The concept of "twin transformation" (TT), combining Digital Transformation (DT) and Sustainability Transformation (ST), is identified as a joint approach that serves as a catalyst for innovation and new business models. Organizations embracing TT successfully navigate challenges in digitalization and sustainability, achieving their goals while enhancing efficiency and reputation. However, only a few organizations have capitalized on TT's potential, limiting widespread adoption. TT demands significant economic, financial, and organizational resources, deterring some companies, especially SMEs, from undertaking this transformation amidst uncertainties. Nevertheless, recent studies, such as the IBM study, indicate decision-makers' willingness to embrace TT challenges. Successfully implementing TT requires a blend of capabilities across digital and sustainability domains, yet the specific capabilities are unclear. This paper aims to address this gap by conducting a comprehensive systematic literature review and qualitative analysis, drawing from Information Systems (IS), Business, Management, Social Sciences, and Environmental Science literature. The research seeks to identify key capabilities essential for TT success, aiming to contribute to existing literature by establishing links between specific capabilities and a company's success as a twin transformer. The paper also proposes potential avenues for future TT research, discusses implications for practitioners, and explores how research findings can inform strategic decision-making. Structured in sections covering background, research method, key capabilities, case study analysis, implications, and limitations, the paper concludes with a summary and outlines future research opportunities in the TT field.