The digital age has radically transformed how people interact with one another, with institutions, and with technology. Access to the Internet, social media, artificial intelligence and massive data collection offer unprecedented opportunities, simultaneously posing concrete risks to the protection of human rights. In this scenario, cyberviolence emerges as a systemic phenomenon not only in individual behaviour, but also in structural vulnerabilities of digital ecosystems. This thesis examines cyberviolence as a failure of cybersecurity and as an emerging, systemic form of violation of human rights, mainly targeting women and minors due to pre-existing offline inequalities, platform design choices and the exploitability of their digital traces. It is no longer about individual behaviours, but rather the result of technical vulnerabilities online. The research focuses on international legal tools, especially at the European level, addressing cyberviolence as a systemic threat. However, emerging governance models and ex ante preventive tools, as well as regulatory innovations, mark the beginning of a possible new scenario of cybersecurity. Cyberviolence and the protection of human rights online require not only the strengthening of standards but also a reevaluation of technology governance. Digitalisation should evolve in favour of humanity, rather than at the expense of individual dignity and freedom. By strengthening structural protections, digital environments should safeguard the rights of women, minors and all users.
L’era digitale ha trasformato radicalmente il modo in cui le persone interagiscono tra loro, con le istituzioni e con la tecnologia. L’accesso a Internet, ai social media, all’intelligenza artificiale e alla raccolta massiva di dati offrono opportunità senza precedenti, ponendo allo stesso tempo rischi concreti per la tutela dei diritti umani. In questo scenario, la cyberviolenza emerge come un fenomeno sistemico non solo nel comportamento individuale, ma anche nelle vulnerabilità strutturali degli ecosistemi digitali. Questa tesi esamina la cyberviolenza come un fallimento della sicurezza informatica e come una forma emergente e sistemica di violazione dei diritti umani, che prende di mira principalmente donne e minori a causa delle disuguaglianze offline preesistenti, delle scelte di progettazione delle piattaforme e della sfruttabilità delle loro tracce digitali. Non si tratta più di comportamenti individuali, ma piuttosto del risultato di vulnerabilità tecniche online. La ricerca si concentra sugli strumenti giuridici internazionali, soprattutto a livello europeo, che affrontano la violenza informatica come minaccia sistemica. Tuttavia, i modelli di governance emergenti e gli strumenti preventivi ex ante, nonché le innovazioni normative, segnano l’inizio di un possibile nuovo scenario di sicurezza informatica. La cyberviolenza e la tutela dei diritti umani online richiedono non solo il rafforzamento degli standard ma anche una rivalutazione della governance tecnologica. La digitalizzazione dovrebbe evolversi a favore dell’umanità, piuttosto che a scapito della dignità e della libertà individuale. Rafforzando le tutele strutturali, gli ambienti digitali dovrebbero salvaguardare i diritti delle donne, dei minori e di tutti gli utenti.
Cyberviolence as a Structural Failure of Digital Governance: Systemic Risks and Disproportionate Impacts on Women and Minors
CASALINI, ROBERTA
2024/2025
Abstract
The digital age has radically transformed how people interact with one another, with institutions, and with technology. Access to the Internet, social media, artificial intelligence and massive data collection offer unprecedented opportunities, simultaneously posing concrete risks to the protection of human rights. In this scenario, cyberviolence emerges as a systemic phenomenon not only in individual behaviour, but also in structural vulnerabilities of digital ecosystems. This thesis examines cyberviolence as a failure of cybersecurity and as an emerging, systemic form of violation of human rights, mainly targeting women and minors due to pre-existing offline inequalities, platform design choices and the exploitability of their digital traces. It is no longer about individual behaviours, but rather the result of technical vulnerabilities online. The research focuses on international legal tools, especially at the European level, addressing cyberviolence as a systemic threat. However, emerging governance models and ex ante preventive tools, as well as regulatory innovations, mark the beginning of a possible new scenario of cybersecurity. Cyberviolence and the protection of human rights online require not only the strengthening of standards but also a reevaluation of technology governance. Digitalisation should evolve in favour of humanity, rather than at the expense of individual dignity and freedom. By strengthening structural protections, digital environments should safeguard the rights of women, minors and all users.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14247/28427