Over the past decade, cyberviolence against women and girls (CVAWG) has emerged as one of the most pervasive and complex forms of gender-based violence. With the increasing integration of technologies into everyday life and the parallel spread of digital abuse, the European Union (EU) has adopted a range of soft-law and hard-law instruments to address the phenomenon, most notably Directive (EU) 2024/1385. This thesis aims to examine the extent to which the current EU normative framework effectively protects women and girls from cyberviolence, situating the analysis within the broader context of international human rights law to assess its compliance with global standards. Drawing on EU and international legal sources, as well as on insights from gender studies and social sciences, the study shows that, despite notable progress, EU action against CVAWG remains fragmented and insufficient. In particular, the weak normative coordination among key legal instruments, the persistence of unharmonised definitions, unsystematic data collection, inadequate protection mechanisms, as well as emerging risks posed by new technologies hinder the development of a coherent response with a gender perspective. The findings thus suggest that further action is required within the Union to advance a truly coordinated, holistic, and gender-sensitive approach to CVAWG, ensuring not only effective prosecution, but, above all, stronger prevention and protection measures.
Negli ultimi dieci anni, la cyberviolenza contro le donne e le ragazze (CVAWG, secondo l’acronimo inglese) è emersa come una delle forme più pervasive e complesse di violenza di genere. Con il crescente radicamento delle tecnologie e la parallela diffusione di abusi online e digitali, l’Unione Europea (UE) ha adottato strumenti di “soft law” e “hard law” per contrastare il fenomeno, in particolare la Direttiva (UE) 2024/1385. La tesi esamina in che misura l’attuale quadro normativo dell’UE protegga efficacemente donne e ragazze dalla cyberviolenza, collocandolo nel più ampio contesto del diritto internazionale dei diritti umani al fine di verificarne la conformità agli standard globali. Sulla base di fonti giuridico-dottrinali, nonché di contributi provenienti dagli studi di genere e dalle scienze sociali, l’analisi rivela che, nonostante i progressi, l’azione dell’UE contro la CVAWG rimane frammentaria e insufficiente. In particolare, il debole coordinamento normativo, la persistenza di definizioni non armonizzate, carenze nella raccolta dei dati, risposte di tutela inadeguate e le sfide poste dall’evoluzione tecnologica ostacolano lo sviluppo di una risposta coerente con prospettiva di genere. I risultati indicano, pertanto, la necessità di ulteriori interventi nell’UE per promuovere un approccio realmente sensibile al genere, coordinato e olistico alla CVAWG, garantendo non solo un’efficace azione penale, ma soprattutto misure più solide di prevenzione e protezione.
An Emerging Form of Gender-Based Violence: Assessing EU Law’s Effectiveness in Combating Cyberviolence Against Women and Girls
BRAVIN, LAURA
2024/2025
Abstract
Over the past decade, cyberviolence against women and girls (CVAWG) has emerged as one of the most pervasive and complex forms of gender-based violence. With the increasing integration of technologies into everyday life and the parallel spread of digital abuse, the European Union (EU) has adopted a range of soft-law and hard-law instruments to address the phenomenon, most notably Directive (EU) 2024/1385. This thesis aims to examine the extent to which the current EU normative framework effectively protects women and girls from cyberviolence, situating the analysis within the broader context of international human rights law to assess its compliance with global standards. Drawing on EU and international legal sources, as well as on insights from gender studies and social sciences, the study shows that, despite notable progress, EU action against CVAWG remains fragmented and insufficient. In particular, the weak normative coordination among key legal instruments, the persistence of unharmonised definitions, unsystematic data collection, inadequate protection mechanisms, as well as emerging risks posed by new technologies hinder the development of a coherent response with a gender perspective. The findings thus suggest that further action is required within the Union to advance a truly coordinated, holistic, and gender-sensitive approach to CVAWG, ensuring not only effective prosecution, but, above all, stronger prevention and protection measures.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14247/28424