Artificial Intelligence: Impact on Organizations and Science-Based Companies

This thesis investigates the evolving role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) from a tool primarily conceived for operational optimization to a strategic driver of augmented intelligence and innovation. Moving beyond the traditional narrative of automation and substitution, the research explores how AI increasingly functions as a collaborative system that enhances human expertise across organizational and deep-tech contexts. The study first establishes the theoretical and ethical foundations of AI, addressing key challenges such as bias, data privacy, and the socio-economic implications of large-scale adoption. It then analyzes the integration of AI within organizations, examining its impact on business functions, strategic decision-making, and sectoral transformation. Finally, the thesis explores AI applications in high-impact, technology-intensive domains, including healthcare, chip development, and advanced material science. Through selected case studies, it demonstrates how AI accelerates research and development processes while remaining fundamentally dependent on human supervision and expertise. Overall, the findings suggest that the true transformative potential of AI lies not in replacing human intelligence, but in amplifying it. The future of innovation appears rooted in a collaborative model in which human knowledge and machine efficiency converge to redefine the boundaries of scientific discovery and organizational performance.