This thesis examines whether and to what extent the use of information and communication technologies ICT is associated with mental health and well-being among Europeans aged 50 and over. The analysis relies on Wave 9 (2021–2022) of the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe SHARE, then completed by a comparasion with the pre-pandemic Wave 7 (2017). I estimate linear models that relate ICT use to depressive symptoms and quality of life. The empirical strategy proceeds from bivariate specifications to multivariate OLS with stepwise inclusion of demographic, socioeconomic, health, and social-network controls. It is then complemented by stratified and interaction analyzes and extensive robustness checks. The research shows that ICT use is consistently associated with reduced depressive symptoms and improved quality of life among older adults. These correllation attenuate, but remain statistically and substantively meaningful once age, self-rated health, chronic conditions, and loneliness are added as controls. Evidence suggests that digital skills and social connectedness partially mediate the relationship between ICT and well-being: users who report stronger skills and less loneliness show the greatest improvements. The comparison between Wave 7 and Wave 9 confirms the positive association, that persists into the post-pandemic period. It shows that the direct correlation becomes more sensitive once skills and social variables are included. The results highlight the importance of targeted digital-skills programs and social-connection interventions for older populations. The study concludes with an analysis of the model’s limitations, such cross-sectional identification, self-reported measures, and approximative ICT indicators.
Questa tesi esamina se e in che misura l'uso delle tecnologie dell'informazione e della comunicazione (TIC) sia associato alla salute mentale e al benessere tra gli europei di età pari o superiore a 50 anni. L'analisi si basa sulla Wave 9 (2021-2022) dell'Indagine su Salute, Invecchiamento e Pensionamento in Europa SHARE, completata poi da un confronto con la Wave 7 pre-pandemica (2017). Stimo modelli lineari che correlano l'uso delle TIC ai sintomi depressivi e alla qualità della vita. La strategia empirica procede da specificazioni bivariate a OLS multivariate con inclusione graduale di controlli demografici, socioeconomici, sanitari e di reti sociali. È poi completata da analisi stratificate e di interazione e da approfonditi controlli di robustezza. La ricerca mostra che l'uso delle TIC è costantemente associato a una riduzione dei sintomi depressivi e a un miglioramento della qualità della vita tra gli anziani. Queste correlazioni si attenuano, ma rimangono statisticamente e sostanzialmente significative una volta aggiunti come controlli età, salute autovalutata, patologie croniche e solitudine. L'evidenza suggerisce che le competenze digitali e la connettività sociale mediano parzialmente la relazione tra ICT e benessere: gli utenti che segnalano competenze più elevate e minore solitudine mostrano i maggiori miglioramenti. Il confronto tra l'Onda 7 e l'Onda 9 conferma l'associazione positiva, che persiste nel periodo post-pandemico. Mostra che la correlazione diretta diventa più sensibile una volta incluse competenze e variabili sociali. I risultati evidenziano l'importanza di programmi mirati per le competenze digitali e interventi di connessione sociale per le popolazioni anziane. Lo studio si conclude con un'analisi dei limiti del modello, come l'identificazione trasversale le misure auto-riportate e gli indicatori ICT approssimativi.
Over 50 and Mental Health during the Digital Era
BUZHALA, NICOLETTA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis examines whether and to what extent the use of information and communication technologies ICT is associated with mental health and well-being among Europeans aged 50 and over. The analysis relies on Wave 9 (2021–2022) of the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe SHARE, then completed by a comparasion with the pre-pandemic Wave 7 (2017). I estimate linear models that relate ICT use to depressive symptoms and quality of life. The empirical strategy proceeds from bivariate specifications to multivariate OLS with stepwise inclusion of demographic, socioeconomic, health, and social-network controls. It is then complemented by stratified and interaction analyzes and extensive robustness checks. The research shows that ICT use is consistently associated with reduced depressive symptoms and improved quality of life among older adults. These correllation attenuate, but remain statistically and substantively meaningful once age, self-rated health, chronic conditions, and loneliness are added as controls. Evidence suggests that digital skills and social connectedness partially mediate the relationship between ICT and well-being: users who report stronger skills and less loneliness show the greatest improvements. The comparison between Wave 7 and Wave 9 confirms the positive association, that persists into the post-pandemic period. It shows that the direct correlation becomes more sensitive once skills and social variables are included. The results highlight the importance of targeted digital-skills programs and social-connection interventions for older populations. The study concludes with an analysis of the model’s limitations, such cross-sectional identification, self-reported measures, and approximative ICT indicators.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Buzhala Nicoletta 902038_Tesi.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14247/26267