This thesis explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence on business models and international trade. Firstly an overview of AI's rapid expansion, and of opportunities and challenges for firms is provided. Italy’s digitalisation level is compared through the DESI index against selected European countries to identify gaps in digital infrastructure, a key factor enabling AI. The study examines AI’s effects on productivity, workforce inclusion, and employee feeling towards AI, emphasizing the need for policymakers to consider workers' perspectives. It also analyzes AI leadership globally, barriers to a strong EU AI sector, and policy approaches in the EU, USA, and China. A detailed review of European and Italian AI policies follows, along with the challenges of AI regulation and its impact on trade. Italy’s digital maturity is assessed through DINTEC data, highlighting regional, sectorial and size differences. A digital market comparison between the EU and other regions is then made. Cases of use illustrate AI’s role in enhancing international opportunities. Finally, an empirical analysis explores the link between firm technological complexity and international performance. The findings reinforce the thesis' argument that Italy and the EU must actively embrace AI to shape its global economic and trade impact rather than suffer its effects.
L’elaborato analizza l’impatto dell’Intelligenza Artificiale sui modelli di business e sul commercio internazionale nel contesto della crescente competizione globale per il dominio dell’IA. Successivamente ad una panoramica sulla diffusione della medesima, si esaminano i vantaggi e sfide per le imprese. In seguito si confronta la digitalizzazione italiana rispetto ad altri Paesi europei tramite indice DESI, al fine di individuare aree di miglioramento essenziali per sfruttare le opportunità dell’IA. Si analizza il legame tra IA, produttività e inclusione lavorativa, nonché le opinioni dei lavoratori riguardo alla tecnologia. Si esplora poi la leadership globale nell’IA e gli ostacoli alla competitività del settore nell’UE, e si confrontano le strategie di UE, USA e Cina. Segue un'analisi delle politiche europee e italiane sulla digitalizzazione e l’IA, delle sfide normative e degli effetti di tale tecnologia sull’economia internazionale. Il livello di maturità digitale delle imprese italiane viene osservato mediante dati DINTEC, evidenziando differenze geografiche, settoriali e dimensionali. Si esaminano le tendenze del mercato digitale italiano, si confronta la sua crescita con quella di altre regioni, e si illustrano casi d'uso dell’IA nell’ampliamento delle opportunità internazionali. Infine, un’analisi empirica verifica il legame tra complessità tecnologica delle imprese e performance internazionali, confermando l'importanza per l’Italia e l’UE di sviluppare attivamente l’IA per influenzarne, e non subirne, gli effetti sul commercio globale.
AI: an enabler of innovative international business models for Italy
PEDROCCO, ALICE
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence on business models and international trade. Firstly an overview of AI's rapid expansion, and of opportunities and challenges for firms is provided. Italy’s digitalisation level is compared through the DESI index against selected European countries to identify gaps in digital infrastructure, a key factor enabling AI. The study examines AI’s effects on productivity, workforce inclusion, and employee feeling towards AI, emphasizing the need for policymakers to consider workers' perspectives. It also analyzes AI leadership globally, barriers to a strong EU AI sector, and policy approaches in the EU, USA, and China. A detailed review of European and Italian AI policies follows, along with the challenges of AI regulation and its impact on trade. Italy’s digital maturity is assessed through DINTEC data, highlighting regional, sectorial and size differences. A digital market comparison between the EU and other regions is then made. Cases of use illustrate AI’s role in enhancing international opportunities. Finally, an empirical analysis explores the link between firm technological complexity and international performance. The findings reinforce the thesis' argument that Italy and the EU must actively embrace AI to shape its global economic and trade impact rather than suffer its effects.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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AI an enabler of innovative international business models for Italy Alice Pedrocco matr. 872675.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14247/24189