Optimizing Microalgal Lipid Production in Dark Fermentation Effluents and Control Medium Using Photoperiod Manipulation

The global energy crisis, exacerbated by depleting fossil fuels and rising environmental concerns, has intensified the search for sustainable alternatives. Microalgae-based biofuels have emerged as a promising solution due to their rapid growth, high lipid content, and ability to sequester CO2. This study explores the cultivation of microalgae, particularly Chlorella vulgaris and Desmodesmus Armatus, under various light cycles and nutrient conditions to optimize biomass and lipid production. By employing mixotrophic cultivation techniques and using waste substrates such as fermentation effluent treating wine lees, we aim to enhance lipid accumulation and biomass productivity. Our experimental findings, conducted under controlled light cycles of 24:0, 16:8, and 12:12 hours, demonstrate marked variations in growth rates, biomass yield, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) removal efficiencies.